10+Flipped+Classrooms

Group Members: Semonique Harry, Colin James, Michael Lewis, Nelcia McGuire, Mavis Hall, Carlton Edwards

=The Flipped Classroom: =

The flipped classroom inverts traditional teaching methods, delivering instruction online outside of the classroom and moving “homework” into the classroom. - [|__http://www.knewton.com/flipped-classroom/__] Normally in class you get the content and then outside of class you "apply" it in homework assignments that only touch the surface of what you need to do to fully learn the material. So flipping it allows you to spend more time in class making sure students understand and can apply the knowledge.

According to The Daily Riff The Flipped Class: Myths vs. Reality - April 14, 2012 The Flipped Classroom IS:

> If you have some of the following goals or priorities for your class, then flipping might be a good option:
 * A means to INCREASE interaction and personalized contact time between students and teachers.
 * An environment where students take responsibility for their own learning.
 * A classroom where the teacher is not the "sage on the stage", but the "guide on the side".
 * A blending of direct instruction with constructivist learning.
 * A classroom where students who are absent due to illness or extra-curricular activities such as athletics or field-trips, don't get left behind.
 * A class where content is permanently archived for review or remediation.
 * A class where all students are engaged in their learning.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A place where all students can get a personalized education.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Interactive questioning
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Content and idea exploration
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Student content creation
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Student voice and choice
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Effective differentiation in instructional strategies
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Collaboration with other professionals with the same goals

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Multiple references indicate that in a flipped classroom > <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The benefits of a flipped classroom include but are not limited to:
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Students prepare for class by watching video, listening to podcasts, or reading articles that access their prior knowledge.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Students then reflect on their learning and organize a list of questions regarding what is confusing them.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Students log in to social sites and post their questions to their teacher.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The teacher reviews these questions and creates a lesson plan that addresses the areas of confusion but does not re-teach what the students already understand.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">In class, the teacher poses questions or gives problems, and students work collaboratively in small groups to answer the questions or solve the problems.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The teacher mingles with student groups, listening to their conversations, and guides learning as appropriate until students understand.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Gives teachers more time to spend 1:1 helping students
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Builds stronger student/teacher relationships
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Offers a way for teachers to share information with other faculty, substitute teachers, students, parents, and the community easily
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Produces the ability for students to “rewind” lessons and master topics
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Creates a collaborative learning environment in the classroom

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Here is an interesting video link that highlights the above benefits. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> [] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">It is true that technology cannot replace applied or pragmatic learning, but simple class lectures cannot provide that pragmatic element either. The real purpose of a flipped classroom is to give content lecture outside of class so that in class you can do some practical work based on a common basis of knowledge. **<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Successful practices in a flipped classroom: ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> The five most successful practices with the flipped classroom according to an article written by Andrew Miller a blogger who writes for Edutopia written on 24th February 2012. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1) Need to Know  <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Instructing students to watch a recorded content does not necessarily mean that they are going to as they may not see the relevance in watching it. <span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">You have to demonstrate, and sometimes even “creatively sell”, how this will help students! <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Content must be so that students who are already struggling will find meaning and relevance. <span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Just because they like Facebook/Youtube/Twitter does not mean your content will engage them. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">2) Engaging Appropriate Models <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">One of the best ways to create the "need to know" is to use an instructive model that demands this. Whether, Use appropriate and effective model to institute in the classroom (project-based learning (PBL), game-based learning (GBL), Understanding by Design (UbD), or authentic literacy) where the students present the "need to know," and the teacher answer with a recorded piece to support them. This will help master the role as "guide on the side."For students to be successful on their own, videos used in the flipped classroom model must include a variety of approaches in the same way a face-to-face lesson would, and they must also have good sound and image quality so that students can follow along easily. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">3) Technology <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Since the flipped classroom is about recorded video, then obviously students would need the technology to do this. There are many things to consider here. Will you demand that all students watch the video, or is it a way to differentiate and allow choice? Will you allow or rely on mobile learning for students to watch it?   <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">4) Reflection <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Every time you have students watch a video, just like you would with any instructional activity, you must build in reflective activities to have students think about what they learned, how it will help them, its relevance, and more. If reflection is not a regular part of your classroom culture, then implementing the flipped classroom will not be as effective.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">5) Time <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Teachers will not want to bombard students with long videos that will have them viewing for hours, so it’s best to use short, to the point videos that will also have them thinking and engaged.

**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">How to Use the Flip? ** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Use flip time to create curiosity in your students**. When you assign video, you might ask, “With the knowledge that you have, try to explain why you think what you saw happened?” <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**Use the flip after you’ve spent class time learning through inquiry**. You could assign a video that pulls together all that you’ve learned. Those who are still struggling with the ideas, after you’ve examined them for an hour, can watch the video, take notes, and see if they can pull it all together. **<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Embed into them[videos] funny parts, with jokes and silly accents and things which surprise and amuse your students. **

**<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">How Does a Flipped Classroom Fit into Instruction? ** <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The Flipped Classroom is one part of a larger inquiry or instruction cycle, not a panacea or stand-alone magic bullet for instruction. It overlaps with other instructional tools such as: Reverse Instruction, Inquiry Learning, Universal Design for Learning, Blended Learning, and Online Instruction through the use of podcasting or screencasting, Web 2.0 resources, and inquiry activities. Screencasts as instructional tools can be used in many different ways: pre-teaching, front-loading instruction, remediation, extension, providing students with feedback, student created content, etc.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Practitioners of the various flipped classroom models are constantly tweaking, changing, rejecting, adding to, and generally trying to improve the model through direct experience with how effective it is for kids. It's not "record your lecture once" and you're done; it's part of a comprehensive instructional model that includes direct instruction, inquiry, practice, formative and summative assessment and much more. It also allows teachers to reflect on and develop quality and engaging learning opportunities and options for internalization, creation, and application of content rather than just fluff or time filling assignments.

**<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Making the Transition to a Flipped Classroom: **

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The following steps were taken from an online article the suggests several steps to be taken when making the transition to a flipped classroom. >
 * 1) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Identify the right uses: Some subject matter may not be suitable for a flipped classroom method especially if the content is lengthy and challenging.
 * 1) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Offer professional development and support: inservice training / workshops, or short courses and online resources can help teachers to understand their redefined role, identify effective teaching methods for the blended approach, and learn valuable skills for using the available technology to flip their classrooms.
 * 2) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Choose the right technology: Use technology that offers a clear user interface and easy to follow processes for creating and editing recordings.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">According to Dan Spencer Educational Technology Consultant - Jackson (MI) County ISD, there are some factors that should be considered when implementing the flipped classroom.


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Computer/internet access
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">There’s always a way. Give kids options and expectations then let them decide.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">High-speed internet at home - no problems
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Computer but no internet - save on USB at school, view at home
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Smartphones - download videos onto phones (free)
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">iPods/iPads - set up free iTunes account, students subscribe and get free updates
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">No computer - burn onto DVDs.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Grading
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Flipped classroom works amazingly well with Standards Based Grading systems.


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Build notes into your grading system.


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Time Required
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Same amount of time required, it’s just shifted.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Most of the work is now front-loaded. Frees up time for teacher to be with students one-on-one, but it requires planning and working ahead.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Baby steps. This is not something you decide to do on Friday and have up and running perfectly on Monday.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The payoff comes when you have created content libraries that you are happy with - once created they are always available and only change if you want them to.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Assessment
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">What if students don’t watch the videos?
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">What do you do when students don’t do their homework? Treat notes the same way. It helps when notes are built into grading systems. Very “carrot and stick” but it makes students accountable.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">For example: If a student doesn’t watch the video he/she will have to watch it alone during class rather than working with friends on a lab. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Dan Spencer, Deb Wolf and Aaron Sams, in their article “Are you prepared to flip” offer the following guidelines to interested teachers.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Progressive options:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Give videos/notes as an option and let students choose to use them as needed.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Be very careful about allowing students to watch videos in class. You will need to find what works best for you and your class but remember that the focus of the flipped classroom is to improve face-to-face time and allow students to use class time for more effective learning activities.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">It’s important that you create a classroom learning environment where if students do watch videos during class they are missing out on something much more engaging.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Begin with the end in mind. A good teacher always knows where they're headed, and that is never more important than with the flipped classroom and for Mastery Learning. Ask yourself what do you want your students to know and be able to do. What are the essential skills and knowledge that your students master?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Begin creating (or collecting) quality learning resources. These collections will look different depending on the teacher and class. It is important that these be accessible outside the classroom and is available whatever-whenever-wherever (WWW), so students can have ownership of the pace of their learning, and review as needed. Remember that different students learn well in a variety of ways, and the resources we supply should provide multiple avenues for students to become engaged with the content. Ideally, resources should be teacher-created, or at least tweaked to relate directly to the student's class environment. Resources created by those outside the classroom may also be used but should be reviewed carefully to assure they meet the learning objectives.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">If content is delivered outside of class time, it is up to the teacher to provide the students with opportunities in class to place the content they learned into context. Many teachers struggle with the "extra" class time that is created by removing direct instruction from the classroom, and do not know exactly what to do with their students. These in-class "activities" must: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1) help support the student understanding of the stated learning objectives,  <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> 2) be designed to help students process what they have learned and place the learning <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> into the context of the world in which they live <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> 3) be engaging to the students, yet flexible enough to allow students the ability to process  <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> and produce in a way that is meaningful to them. Possible in-class work could include:

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">student created content, independent problem solving, inquiry-based activities and Project Based Learning.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Below is a summary illustration of the Flipped Classroom Infographic as outlined by J. Brown.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">References: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Bergmann, J. Overmyer, j. & Wilie.B. “The Flipped Classroom what it is and what it is not”. The Daily Riff. Apl. 14th 2012. Print <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Article written by <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Jane Brown] May 19, 2012 on Thinkfinity.The Flipped Classroom Infographic - Knewton.com <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Miller A (2012); Five best practices for a flipped classroom ; Edutopia <span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Spencer, D. Wolf, D. & Sams, A. “Are you prepared to flip” The Daily Riff. June 24 2011. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">“The Flipped Classroom: Myth vs. Reality” The Daily Riff. Apl.14, 2012. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">“the Flipped Classroom: Increasing Instructional Effectiveness in Higher Education, with Blended Learning Technology. Issue Brief. Center for Digital Education. 2012.